Ferrer begins by saying that he will follow the emperors’ style (“In isto sermone cogitavi tenere modum imperatorum etc”) – not clear what he means with it exactly. Yet, there is no main division. The sermon first comments on and dramatizes the Gospel pericope and then it discusses seven point derived from it.
The postils and dramatization of the story of the transfiguration expand on elements present also in the previous sermon (see 3/6/17). It explain better the couples for the three tents: John with Moses as contemplatives and visioners; James with Elijah as champions of penance; Peter with Jesus since he chooses the better part (cf. Luke 10.42). The semi-dramatic section is livelier than in the previous sermon when it depicts the return of Moses in the limbo and of Elijah to Eden. The reason of their choice – i.e. the fasting during Lent - is developed in the fourth point of the sermon.
Seven questions are presented without annuncing them and actually, they follow the narrative of the Gospel pericope (some points occur also in the previous sermon):
1. Transfiguration and shining of Jesus
2. The mountain symbolizes penance and it is associated with Lent, since it separates people from the world: “Unde et tempus quadragesimale est mons altus et desertus”. The good christians go up it, leaving behind the wordly pleasures. Penitence has the power to transform/transfigure Christ from the image of the inflexible justice to that of generous mercy: “In monte quadragesimali Christus transfiguratur de figura iusticie rigorose in figura misericordie copiose propter nostram penitentiam” (f. r5v).
3. Symbol of the three disciples: Peter symbolizes bishops and prelates who must know the Bible; John the virgins; James the martyrs. Otherwise: John the innocent people; Peter the obedient and James the penitents.
4. The choice of Elijah and Moses indicates all those – alive and death – who performed Lent correctly, with a parenetic address to the audience about their fasting: “Quis vestrum poterit dicere quod de toto tempore vite sue ieiunavit nam quadragesimam integram et perfecte? Credo quod pauci sunt”. The sermon recalls some common excuses of the people. Next it points out that the difference between the strain of Lent and the suffering in Hell (i,e. the destiny of those who dismiss penitence) is the same between wearing a delicate shirt and a burning armour. In hell fasting is perennial as it is attested by the rich man of Luke 16 (“modo MCCCC anni sunt et ultra…”; commonplace in sermons). Brief mention of the different way to fast of Jesus, Moises and Elijah (see previous sermon).
5. The two witnesses talked with Jesus about the extreme suffering of his Passion. This is presented in a semi-dramatic form (“Iam videamus practicam…”), with Elijah and Moses who mention different moments of the Passion constantly arguing that it would be enough much less for the salvation/redemption of humanity. Other parenetic address to the audience: the listeners are called to resist against sin, presenting the paradox of thoseready to face a bear or to go to war and yet afraid of fasting during Lent.
6. Three tents symbolize the celestial hierarchies and are symbol of the future home of the saved people: penitentes (penitent with Elijah; the religious and political rulers (presidentes) with Moses; those who are excellentes who live an apostolic life will stay with Jesus.
7. The three apostles must not reveal what happened, to help the other disciles (see previous sermon) and to avoid vainglory.
... the paradox of thoseready to face a bear or to go to
war
and yet afraid of fasting during Lent. 6. Three tents...
4/1/52
T22 Sunday Laetare
Cherubino da Spoleto, Serafino da Mantova
Introduction
The thema serves to introduce avarice as key vice, from which many sins derive ("radix omnium malorum est cupiditas") and to annunce that the whole week will be devoted to the analysis of this topic and it provides a general outline (as a small treatise).
The sermon lists the different forms of illicit acquisition (furtum, rapina, usura, symonia, sacrilegium...) and discusses the first two: theft and robbery (the latter connected also with war)
... two: theft and robbery (the latter connected also with